Refer to the arrangement of charges in the figure and a Gaussian surface of radius \(R\) with \(Q\) at the centre. Then:

(a) total flux through the surface of the sphere is \(\dfrac{-Q}{\varepsilon_0}\).
(b) field on the surface of the sphere is \(\dfrac{-Q}{4\pi \varepsilon_0 R^2}.\)
(c) flux through the surface of the sphere due to \(5Q\) is zero.
(d) field on the surface of the sphere due to \(-2Q\) is the same everywhere.

Choose the correct statement(s): 

1. (a) and (d) 2. (a) and (c)
3. (b) and (d) 4. (c) and (d)
(2) Hint: Use Gauss' Law.
Step 1: Find the net flux passing through the surface.
Gauss' law states that the total electric flux of an enclosed surface is given by qε0 where q is the charge enclosed by the surface. Thus, from the figure,
Total charge inside the surface is = Q - 2Q = -Q
Total flux through the surface of the sphere =-Qε0
Step 2: Find the flux due to the 5Q charge.
Now, considering charge 5Q. Charge 5Q lies outside the surface, thus it makes no contribution to electric flux through the given surface.