Ncert Exercises & Solutions

The initial state of a certain gas is ( $p_{i}, V_{i}, T_{i}$ $p_{i}, V_{i}, T_{i}$ ). It undergoes expansion till its volume becomes $V_{f}$ . Consider the following two cases:

(a) the expansion takes place at a constant temperature.

(b) the expansion takes place at constant pressure.

Plot the p-V diagram for each case. In which of the two cases, is the work done by the gas more?

Hint: The processes are isothermal and isobaric processes.

Step 1: Draw the graphs of isothermal and isobaric processes.

Consider the diagram p-V, where variation is shown for each process.

Process 1 is isobaric and process 2 is isothermal.

Step 2: Find the work done in two processes.

Since the work done = area under the p-V curve. Here, the area under the p-V curve 1 is more. So, the work done is more when the gas expands in the isobaric process.

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