5.40 A thin circular loop of radius R rotates about its vertical diameter with an angular frequency ω. Show that a small bead on the wire loop remains at its lowermost point for . What is the angle made by the radius vector joining the center to the bead with the vertically downward direction for
? Neglect friction.
Let the angle made by the radius vector connecting the pellet to center of the ring be θ, with the vertical downward direction.
OP = R = Radius of the circle
N = Normal reaction
The respective vertical and horizontal equations of forces can be written as:
Mg = Ncosθ ………….. (i)
mlω2 = Nsinθ ………... (ii)
In ΔOPQ, we have:
sin θ=lR
l = R sin θ ……………………… (iii)
Substituting equation (iii) in equation (ii), we get:
m(Rsin θ)ω2=N sin θmRω2=N ...(iv)
Substituting equation (iv) in equation (i), we get:
mg=mRω2cos θcos θ=gRω2 ....(v)
Since cosθ ≤ 1, the bead will remain at its lowermost point for gRω2≤1, i.e., for ω≤√gR For ω=√2gR orω2=2gR ...(iv)
On equating equations (v) and (vi), we get:
2gR=gRcos θcos θ=12∴θ=cos−1 (0.5)=60∘
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