Ncert Exercises & Solutions

Given below are two statements:

Assertion (A):	The carbonate of lithium decomposes easily on heating to form lithium oxide and CO₂.
Reason (R):	Lithium being very small in size polarises large carbonate ions leading to the formation of more stable Li₂O and CO₂.

1.	Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the correct explanation of (A).
2.	Both (A) and (R) are true but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A).
3.	(A) is true but (R) is false.
4.	(A) is false but (R) is true.

Hint: The thermal stability of carbonates increases down the group.

The thermal stability of carbonates increases down the group. Hence, Li₂CO₃ is the least stable. Due to small size of Li⁺, strong polarising power distorts the electron cloud of

{CO}_{3}^{2 -}

ion.

The high lattice energy of Li₂O than Li₂CO₃ also favors the decomposition of Li₂CO₃.

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