Ncert Exercises & Solutions

Question 13.9:-

Draw the cis and trans structures of hex-2-ene. Which isomer will have higher b.p. and why?

Hex-2-ene is represented as:

$H_{3} C - H C = C H - C H_{2} - C H_{3}$

Geometrical isomers of hex-2-ene are:

The dipole moment of cis-compound is a sum of the dipole moments of $C - C H_{3} a n d C - C H_{2} C H_{3}$ bonds acting in the same direction.

The dipole moment of trans-compound is the resultant of the dipole moments $C - C H_{3} a n d C - C H_{2} C H_{3}$ of bonds acting in opposite directions.

Hence, cis-isomer is more polar than trans-isomer. The higher the polarity, the greater is the intermolecular dipole-dipole interaction and the higher will be the boiling point.
Hence, cis-isomer will have a higher boiling point than trans-isomer.

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