Ncert Exercises & Solutions

On heating compound (A) gives a gas (B) which is a constituent of air. This gas when treated with 3 moles of hydrogen (H₂) in the presence of a catalyst gives

another gas (C) which is basic in nature. Gas C on further oxidation in moist condition gives a compound (D) which is a part of acid rain. Identify compounds (A) to (D)

and also give necessary equations of all the steps involved.

The main constituents of air are nitrogen (78%) and oxygen (21%). Only N₂ reacts with three moles of H₂ in the presence of a catalyst to give NH₃ (ammonia) which is a gas having basic nature. On oxidation, NH₃ gives NO₂ which Is a part of acid rain. So, the compounds A to D are as

A = NH₄NO₂ ; B = N₂ ; C = NH₃ ; D = HNO₃

Reactions involved can be given, as

$(i) \underset{(A)}{{NH}_{4} {NO}_{2} \overset{∆}{\to}} \underset{(B)}{N_{2}} + 2 H_{2} O$
$(i i) \underset{[B]}{N_{2}} + 3 H_{2} ⇌ \underset{[C]}{2 {NH}_{3}}$
$(iii) 4 {NH}_{3} + 5 O_{2} \overset{Oxidation}{\to} 4 NO + 6 H_{2} O$
$(iv) 2 NO + O_{2} \to 2 {NO}_{2}$
$(v) 3 {NO}_{2} + H_{2} O \to \underset{(D)}{2 {HNO}_{3}} + NO$

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