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Which of the following statement is true ?
1. Vessels are unicellular and with narrow lumen
2. Vessels are multicellular and with wide lumen
3. Tracheids are unicellular and with wide lumen
4. Tracheids are multicellular and with narrow lumen

The endodermis is absent or indistinct in the:-
1. Roots of all plants
2. Stems of pteridophytes
3. Leaves of gymnosperms
4. Stems of woody plants

The term 'bark' includes : 
I.      Phellogen
II.     Phellem
III.    Phelloderm
IV.     Secondary phloem
1.       I, II and III only
2.       I, II and IV only
3.       II, III and IV only
4.       I, II, III and IV only

In the dicot root, the vascular cambium:-
1. is absent
2. is completely secondary in origin
3. does not form a continuous ring
4. originates from the tissue just above the phloem bundles

Summer wood is:
1. the same as heartwood.
2. found to the outside of each annular ring of xylem.
3. found to the inside of each annular ring of xylem.
4. formed throughout the growing season.

The annular and spirally thickened conducting elements generally develop in the protoxylem when the root or stem is
1. maturing                       
2. elongating
3. widening                       
4. differentiating

Palisade parenchyma is absent in leaves of :-
1. Sorghum
2. mustard
3. soybean
4. gram

Reduction in vascular tissue, mechanical tissue and cuticle is characteristic of
1. xerophytes
2. mesophytes
3. epiphytes
4. hydrophytes

Vascular tissues in flowering plants develop from
1. phellogen
2. plerome
3. periblem
4. dermatoge

For a critical study of secondary growth in plants, whic one of the following pairs is suitable:
1. Sugarcane and sunflower
2. Teak and pine
3. Deodar and fern
4. Wheat and maiden hair fern

A common structural feature of vessel elements and sieve tube elements is :-
1. thick secondary walls
2. pores on lateral walls
3. presence of P-protein
4. enucleate condition

Epidermis is derived from:-
1. phellogen
2. cambium
3. procambium
4. none of these

Passage cells are found in 
1. Dicot stem
2. Monocot root
3. Monocot stem
4. All of these

Bark refers to 
1. Phellem + Phellogen + Phelloderm
2. Periderm + Cortex
3. Phellem + Phelloderm + Secondary phloem
4. Periderm + Cortex + Pericycle + Secondary phloem

The branched sclereids present in hydrophytes are:-
1. osteosclereids 
2. trichosclereids
3. macrosclereids 
4. astrosclereids

As secondary growth proceeds, in a dicot stem, the thickness of.
1. sapwood increases
2. heartwood increases
3. both sapwood and heartwood increases
4. both sapwood and heartwood remains the same

Glycolate induces opening of stomata in
(a) Presence of oxygen
(b) Low ${\mathrm{CO}}_2$ concentration
(c) High ${\mathrm{CO}}_2$ concentration
(d) Absence of ${{\mathrm{CO}}_2}_{}$

Two adjacent vessel and tracheid exchange sap through
1. Perforated end walls
2. Pits
3. Intercellular spaces
4. Intracellular spaces and parenchyma

Which one of the following cell types always divides by anticlinal cell division?
1. fusiform initial cells
2. root cap
3. protoderm
4. Phellogen

A stem without vessel possessing prominent sieve tubes would belong to
1. Pinus
2. Eucalyptus
3. Grass
4. Trochodendron

While removing the skin of a potato tuber, we remove
1. Periderm
2. Epidermis
3. Cuticle
4. Sapwood

In monocot stem, Trichomes are ___________   and help in reduction of transpiration.
1.present
2.absent
3. sometimespresent
4. all of these

Pith is ___________ in monocot stem.
1.differentiated
2.undifferentiated
3. not formed
4. Both A and C

Dicotyledonous leaf is also known as
1. Dorsiventral leaf
2. Bi-facial leaf
3. Both A and B
4. Isobilateral leaf

The tissues present between the adaxial and abaxial epidermis are
1.mesophyll
2.chlorophyll
3.vascular bundle
4.Both A and C

Type of vascular bundle present in dicot leaf is
1. conjoint, collateral and closed
2. conjoint, collateral and open
3. conjoint, bicollateral and closed
4. radial, collateral and open

In grasses, bulliforms are formed from
1. epidermis only
2. epidermis and veins
3. epidermis and hypodermis
4. Both A and C

Dicot leaves are ____________and monocot leaves are _______________.
1.hypostomatic and amphistomatic
2.amphistomatic and hypostomatic
3. Astomatic and amphistomatic
4. epistomatic and hypostomatic

The cells which are formed from vascular cambium towards the centre are____________and towards the periphery are _________________
1. secondary xylem, secondary phloem
2. bast, wood
3. wood, bast
4. Both A and C

Primary xylem remains less or more intact towards the __________
1. around the centre
2. around the periphery
3. outer to the pith
4. Both A and C

Annual rings are bands
1.secondary xylem and xylem rays
2.secondary phloem and phloem rays
3. secondary phloem and xylem rays
4. Both A and C

Least distinct annual rings are present in regions like
1. tropical areas
2. desert
3. coastal areas
4. All of the above

How many of the followings constitute the bark?
( secondary phloem, secondary cortex, cork cambium, complimentary cells, epidermis, periderm )
1. 6
2. 5
3. 4
4. 3

Complimentary cells are formed by the activity of
1. phellogen
2. phellem
3. phelloderm
4.  All of these

If bark is removed then plants becomes_________ due to excess of water________
1. thick, gain
2. thin, loss
3. dead, loss
4. strong, intake

In dicot root the complete ring of vascular bundle is formed by
1. conjunctive tissue
2. pericycle
3. Endodermis
4. Both A and B

Lenticels are present in
1. stem only
2. root only
3. Both A and B
4. root, stem and leaf

The main mechanical tissue of the plant is
1. sclerenchyma
2. collenchyma
3. parenchyma
4. Both B and C

Screlenchymatous fibres are
1. thick walled, elongated and pointed cells
2. contains simple and bordered pits
3. longest cells in plant body
4. All of these

Identify the incorrectly matched pair:-
1. cork cambium-periderm
2. ground meristem- cortex and pith of a dicot stem
3. procambium-primary vascular tissue
4. protoderm-vascular tissue of a monocot stem

What is the number of correct statements amongst the following regarding phloem tissue of plants?
I. Gymnosperms lack albimunous cells and sieve celles
II. The companion cells are specialized parenchymatous cells
III. Phloem parenchyma is absent in most of the monocotyledons
IV. Phloem fibers are generally absent in the primary phloem
1. 0
2. 2
3. 3
4. 4

Read the different components from I to IV in the list given below and tell the correct order of the components with reference to their arrangement from outer side to inner side in a woody dicot stem
I. Secondary cortex
II. Wood
III. Secondary phloem
IV. Phellem
The correct order is
1. III,IV,II,I
2. I,II,IV,III
3. IV,I,III,II
4. IV,III,I,II

Which of the following facilitates opening of stomatal aperture:-
1. Contraction of outer wall of guard cells
2. Decrease in turgidity of guard cells
3. Radial orientation of cellulose microfibrils in the cell wall of guard cells
4. Longitudinal orientation of cellulose microfibrils in the cell wall of guard cells

A monocot characterstic of the monocot root is the presence of 
1. open vascular bundles
2. scattered vascular bundles
3. vasculature without cambium
4. cambium sandwiched between phloem and xylem along the radius

In a ring girdled plant?
1. the shoot dies first
2. the root dies first
3. the shoot and root die together
4. neither root nor shoot will die

If the stoma remains surrounded by a limited number of cells which cannot be distinguished from other epidermal cells, then this type of stomata is known as:
1. perigynous type
2. paracytic type
3. anisocytic type
4. anomocytic type

Which one of the following statements pertaining to plant structure is correct?
1. cork lacks stomata, but lenticels carry out transpiration
2. Passage cells help in transfer of food from cortex to phloem
3. Sieve tube elements possess cytoplasm but no nuclei.
4. The shoot apical meristem has a quiescent centre.

In the sieve elements, which one of the following is the most likely function of P-proteins?
1. Deposition of callose on sieve plates
2. Providing energy for active translocation
3. Autolytic enzymes
4. Sealing mechanism on wounding 

In succulent plants the stomata open in night and close in a day. Which among the following would be the best hypothesis to explain the mechanism of stomatal action in night only?
1. CO₂ accumulates, reduces pH, stimulate enzymes resulting in accumulation of sugars.
2. Increase in CO₂ concentration, conversion of organic acids into starch resulting in the increased conversion into sugars resulting in K⁺ transport.
3. Low CO₂ concentration accumulates organic acids resulting in the increased concentration of cell sap.
4. CO₂ used up, increase pH results in accumulation of sugars

Tyloses are balloon-like outgrowths in the lumen of secondary xylem tracheids and vessel of duramen region. These are actually
1. outgrowth of vessels of xylem
2. ingrowth of vessels
3. outgrowth of parenchymatous cell
4. swelling of xylem fibres for no function